Yuskov defeated three-time world champion Shani Davis to win the men's 1500m title at next year's Olympic venue in Sochi.
Davis finished just over half a second behind while Russia's Ivan Skobrev completed the podium.
"It was my best run this season," said Yuskov. "Five minutes before the heat, I decided that I would make a quick start and it helped me eventually."
Holland's Ireen Wust, the 2006 Olympic champion, clocked 4:02.43 to claim her seventh worlds gold over 3000m.
Defending champion Martina Sablikova, of the Czech Republic, was 2.37 seconds behind, with Germany's five-time Olympic gold medallist Claudia Pechstein third - her 38th podium finish at the worlds.
