World number four Rose and ninth-ranked Dufner join former world number one Martin Kaymer and Ryder Cup team-mates Sergio Garcia and Paul Lawrie, who announced on Monday they would play in the £1.55million event.
Olazabal, 46, captained Europe to a memorable comeback victory over the United States in the biennial Ryder Cup in September and won his last title in 2005.
"Jose Maria Olazabal is a golfing great... he is assured of an especially warm reception at Doha Golf Club," Qatar Golf Association president Hassan Al Nuaimi told the European Tour website.
The January 23-26 event is part of the European Tour's Middle East swing which also includes next week's Abu Dhabi Championship featuring world number one Rory McIlroy and 14-times Major winner Tiger Woods and the January 31-February 3 Dubai Desert Classic.
